Uterine Transplantation: A Survey of Perceptions and Attitudes of American Reproductive Endocrinologists and Gynecologic Surgeons

Abstract Objective To determine whether reproductive endocrinologists and minimally invasive surgeons support uterine transplantation as a treatment option for absolute uterine factor infertility (AUFI). Design A cross-sectional study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). Setting A Web-based survey. Patients Physician members of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) and the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists (AAGL). Interventions A Web-based questionnaire administered between January and February 2017. Measurements and Main Results Support for (strongly agree or agree) or opposition to (strongly disagree or disagree) various aspects of uterine transplantation were described using descriptive statistics and analyzed using chi-square tests. A total of 414 physicians (ASRM: 49.5%, AAGL: 50.5%) responded to the Web-based survey; 43.7% were female, 52.4% were between the ages of 45 and 65 years, and 73.4% were white. Nearly fifty-six percent supported women being allowed to donate or receive a transplanted uterus. Fifty-four percent strongly agreed or agreed that uterine transplantation carried an acceptable risk for donors, 28.0% for the recipient and 21.0% for the infant. Forty-two percent agreed that uterine transplantation should be considered a therapeutic option for women with AUFI, whereas 19.6% felt it should be covered by insurance. Nearly 45% of respondents felt uterine transplantation to be ethical. The most common ethical concerns regarding uterine transplantation were related to medical or surgical complications to the recipient (48.8%). Conclusion Just under half of the reproductive endocrinologists and minimally invasive surgeons surveyed find uterine transplantation to be an ethical option for patients with AUFI. Important concerns remain regarding the risk to donors, recipients, and resulting infants, all contributing to only a minority currently recommending it as a therapeutic option.