Measurement of soil state variables using Spatial Time Domain Reflectometry (Spatial TDR)

The hydraulic and mechanic behavior of soils is highly dependent on several state variables such as water content, density and stress. Spatial Time Domain Reflectometry (Spatial TDR) was proven to be a useful tool to indirectly measure water content distributions in soils. The development of new sensors and analysis procedures enable the observation of additional state variables such as density and stress.