Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in Escherichia coli in the French community, The Times They Are A-Changin'?

Abstract Introduction : Since the early 2000s, E. coli resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) has been increasing in all European countries, mainly due to the spread of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). We present here a retrospective study that combines resistance of E. coli to 3GCs and quinolones and the antibiotic use in the community in a region of Northeastern France. Materials and Methods : Since 2012, we conducted an observational surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic use in the community: data of antibiotic resistance in E. coli isolates were collected from 11 private laboratories, and consumption data from the three main healthcare insurances. Results : A significant decrease of resistance prevalence to 3GCs (from 5.6 to 3.9%, p Conclusion : We report here a decrease of the prevalence of E. coli isolates resistant to 3GCs and quinolones in outpatients in a context of significant decreasing consumptions of these two antibiotic classes.