Rocking in presence of cracking of masonry wall piers
2017
The wall pier represents the vertical element of multi-storey walls with openings, the
main resistant structural components of a masonry building. Structural systems of wall piers and
spandrels are required to sustain the in-plane seismic actions acting on the wall, opposing with their
weights to the action of horizontal forces. The behavior of masonry constructions results to be very
far from the one characterizing ductile structures, because of the lack of energy dissipation during
the deformation. A strength resource of masonry structures, properly reinforced in order to avoid
early local failures, consists in exhibiting rocking behavior, until a failure condition is attained. An
investigation on the dynamic behavior of masonry wall piers is carried out by following Housner’s
studies and properly introducing the effect of diagonal cracks, shown by typical post-earthquake
cracking patterns. As a consequence, the system is characterized by the detachment of a lower
triangular region that becomes ineffective during the development of the mechanism and does not
oppose with its weight to the overturning. Finally, it is shown that the occurrence of diagonal cracks
can be prevented by the execution of suitable retrofit interventions.
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