Towards developing an integrated framework to predict subject specific spine mechanics

There is a growing interest in the field of computational biomechanics to combine the two simulation approaches of finite element (FE) analysis and neuro-musculoskeletal (NMS) models. Together, these two synergistic modelling methodologies provide a more intrinsic understanding of physiological biomechanics, giving an insight into the internal dynamics of the tissues for physiologically authentic motions. This study will outline the steps involved in adapting an established NMS model of the spine (demoa) to include subject specific anatomical geometry and mechanical parameters in order to provide temporal data for muscle forces. FE considerations relevant to modifying a validated subject-specific, thoracolumbar spine model in order to apply individual muscle fascicle forces will be outlined. We now have the significant and relevant structures included in both modelling methodologies to embark upon novel approaches to studying spinal biomechanics, permitting a finer resolution in discovering the influence of muscle synergies on mechanics of joints and in exploring the biomechanical implications of spinal pathologies which involve atypical muscle activation.