Cocoa polyphenols exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancerogenic and anti-necrotic activity in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated mice

Abstract The therapeutic effects of cocoa polyphenols on acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-intoxicated mice were investigated. After determining polyphenols profile in the cocoa extract (CE), CE at a dose of 34.5 mg/kg and epicatechin (EC) at a dose of 2.24 mg/kg were intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered to BALB/cN mice following CCl 4 treatment. CE and EC post-treatments suppressed hepatotoxicity and inflammation, ameliorated serum markers of liver injury, returned blood lactate and glucose levels to normal, stimulated synthesis and storage of liver glycogen, and modulated glucose metabolism imbalance induced by CCl 4 . Cocoa polyphenols also exhibited early stage antifibrotic and anticarcinogenic effects. They affected beneficially the mitochondrial functionality acting on dysfunction in mitochondrial respiration caused by CCl 4 and antioxidants regulation at subcellular levels.