Analysis of genetic effects of shape traits of grain, brown rice and head rice of two series of Indica materials.

By using genetic model and analysis method for quality traits of endosperms in cereal crops,the genetic effects of shape traits,including grain length(GL),grain width(GW),grain thickness(GT),ratio of length to width of grain(GLW),brown rice length(BRL),brown rice width(BRW),brown rice thickness(BRT),ratio of length over width of brown rice(BLW),head rice length(HRL),head rice width(HRW),head rice thickness(HRT),ratio of length over width of head rice(HLW),of 2 series of diallel crosses of Indica rice materials were analyzed.Results indicated that all shape traits except for GT and BRT were mainly controlled by seed direct and maternal effects,with direct additive effect predominating.GT and BRT were mainly controlled by maternal effects(maternal additive effect and maternal dominant effect).The seed direct and maternal heritability were significant or highly significant for most traits,but the cytoplasm heritability was different in different materials.The first series of diallel crosses was more influenced by cytoplasm heritability than the second series of diallel crosses.The direct heritability were the main part of heritability for all Shape traits except for GT and BRT.Materna heritability was the main part of heritability for GT and BRT.The predicted genetic effect indicated that Jinxiang 1A,Jinxiang2A,Jin2A,N45,Jinhui34,Shuhui527 and Luhui17 were better parents for improving shape traits.