RF aerosol plasma fabrication of indium tin oxide and tin oxide thin films

Transparent, conductive indium-tin oxide (ITO) and tin oxide thin films were deposited on soda-lime-silicate (SLS) float glass and silica glass substrates by an RF aerosol plasma technique in an atmospheric environment. The ITO films were deposited from solutions with various In:Sn ratios. The dependence of the film properties on the substrate temperature, deposition time, and tin concentration has been studied. The films were characterized by several techniques including XRD, EDS, electrical resistivity, SEM, optical (IR-UV-Vis transmission), M{umlt o}ssbauer, and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that film phase, morphology, thickness, crystallite size, and conductivity depend on the solution composition and deposition parameters. XRD revealed that In{sub 2}O{sub 3} was present in the film when a In:Sn ratio of 5:5 or higher was used, otherwise only SnO{sub 2} was shown. SEM analysis showed that dense and uniform films were formed with particle sizes ranging from approximately 50 nm to 150 nm. The resistivity of the ITO films ranged from 0.12 to 5.0 ohm-cm at room temperature. Optical transmission of the ITO, coated glasses were not different from the uncoated samples. Infrared results indicated that the structure of the near surface of the glasses was significantly modified with a higher indium concentration. Themore » advantages of the atmospheric, RF aerosol plasma deposition process over other techniques is discussed. {copyright} {ital 1996 Materials Research Society.}« less