Assessment of Serum Concentrations of Omentin-1 in Children with Type 1 Diabetes as Indicator of Insulin Resistance

Background: Omentin-1, a protein produced mainly in visceral adipose tissue. Its function is most likely to increase insulin sensitivity and stimulate glucose metabolism. This effect can be both local and systemic. Objective: To evaluate the concentrations of selected gastric peptide omentin-1 in serum of children with type 1 diabetes, relevant to the disease duration. Patients and Methods: This case control prospective study was conducted during the period from 2018 to 2020. This study was carried out in Endocrinology Unit and Outpatient Clinic at Pediatric Department, Zagazig University Hospital. The sample size was 85 (17 in every group). Serum omentin-1 level was measured. Results: Cases were significantly higher than control regarding FBS, PPBS and HA1c. Cases were significantly higher than control as it was distributed as 426.04 ± 137.6 and 103.21 ± 32.5 respectively. Significant AUC with cutoff > 191.7 and 100.0% sensitivity and specificity. Regarding FBS & PPBS, control group were significantly lower than other groups but group 4 was significantly higher than other groups regarding PPBS. Regarding HA1c, control group was significantly lower than other groups but groups 1 & 4 were significantly higher than other groups. Concerning omentin, control group was significantly lower than other groups and group 4 was significantly higher than other groups also groups 2 & 3 were significantly higher than group 1. Conclusion: T1DM is a common health problem in the pediatric age group. Omentin-1 level was significantly high in T1DM and its level is strongly correlated to duration and insulin resistance.