The anomalous behavior and properties of Ni–Co films codeposited in the sulfamate-chloride electrolyte

In this paper, we have studied the effect of controlled parameters on the anomalous behavior and property of the codeposited nickel-cobalt (Ni–Co) films in the complex sulfamate-chloride bath. The variation of current densities and temperature resulted in different Co atomic percentage (Co at%) of the deposited films as well as the morphology and microhardness. Co at% in Ni–Co films gradually decreased with increasing current density and temperatures with variation from approximately 25 to 15%. The Co participation could also inhibit grain growth of the deposited films. The Ni–Co film codeposited at lower current density or temperature would have the higher hard Co content and smaller grain which results in the higher microharness and smooth morphology.