Evaluation of the Catalytic Relevance of the CO‐Bound States of V‐Nitrogenase

Binding and activation of CO by nitrogenase is a topic of interest because CO is isoelectronic to N2, the physiological substrate of this enzyme. The catalytic relevance of one- and multi-CO-bound states (the lo-CO and hi-CO states) of V-nitrogenase to C−C coupling and N2 reduction was examined. Enzymatic and spectroscopic studies demonstrate that the multiple CO moieties in the hi-CO state cannot be coupled as they are, suggesting that C−C coupling requires further activation and/or reduction of the bound CO entity. Moreover, these studies reveal an interesting correlation between decreased activity of N2 reduction and increased population of the lo-CO state, pointing to the catalytic relevance of the belt Fe atoms that are bridged by the single CO moiety in the lo-CO state. Together, these results provide a useful framework for gaining insights into the nitrogenase-catalyzed reaction via further exploration of the utility of the lo-CO conformation of V-nitrogenase.