Simple interventions improve re-attendance when treating the sleep apnoea syndrome

Abstract Background and purpose Interventions to improve treatment outcomes in sleep apnoea–hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) have had mixed success. Most have concentrated on following the use of a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machines; poorer users may not return for machine readings, so any compliance study must take into account rates of attendance rates. We hypothesised that a series of additional, early support measures would improve re-attendance over a sustained period. Patients and methods Prospective, single-blinded interventional study. Seventy-two consecutive patients starting CPAP for SAHS were randomised to receive standard follow-up or extra early support. Attendance rates, CPAP use, Epworth scores, side-effects scores and number of changes to equipment were compared, by intent to treat, in both groups at 1 and 12 months. Results Re-attendance rates were higher in the intervention group at 1 month ( P =0.04), 6 months ( P =0.07) and 12 months ( P =0.12). Those who defaulted tended previously to be poor users of the CPAP machine. For those who re-attended there was no difference in machine use or other outcomes. Conclusions Simple interventions while commencing CPAP improve re-attendance with maximal benefit early on. This could provide more opportunities for solving problems early or considering alternative treatments. By confirming that poorer CPAP users eventually have higher default rates we recommend that future studies on CPAP compliance should first account for re-attendance rates.