Complicaciones de las uveítis: prevalencia y factores de riesgo en una serie de 398 casos

espanolObjetivo: Estimar el porcentaje de complicaciones y establecer factores de riesgo para padecerlas en los pacientes con uveitis. Metodo: Estudio prospectivo de cohortes de 398 pacientes con seguimiento superior a 1 mes desde Enero del 2000 hasta Octubre del 2007. Se evaluaron los datos demograficos, lateralidad, curso (agudo, subagudo cronico), localizacion, diagnostico (idiopatica, infecciosa, de base ocular, de base sistemica, otras) y el desarrollo de complicaciones (catarata, edema macular quistico, complicaciones maculares, complicaciones retinianas y otras). Resultados: Tras un seguimiento medio de 35,2 meses (1-160), el 25% desarrollaron una o mas de las siguientes complicaciones: catarata 8,5%, edema macular 6,1%, complicaciones maculares (membrana epirretiniana, membrana neovascular coroidea, necrosis macular) 4,1%, complicaciones retinianas (desprendimiento de retina, neovasos retinianos, hemovitreo, desgarros retinianos, oclusiones vasculares retinianas) 4,1%, glaucoma o hipertension ocular 3,6% y otras 1,5%. Los factores de riesgo para desarrollarlas fueron el curso cronico OR 6,37 (3,25-12,47) P EnglishObjective: To estimate the rate of complications and establish risk factors for their development in patients with uveitis. Methods: Prospective study of a cohort of 398 patients (413 eyes) that were reviewed from January 2000 to October 2007 and monitored during a period of at least one month. Demographic data, laterality, course (acute, subacute, chronic), location, diagnosis (idiopathic, infectious, ocular origin, systemic origin, others) and development of complications (cataract, cystoid macular edema, macular complications, retinal complications and others) were evaluated. Results: After a mean follow-up of 35.2 months (range 1-160), 25% of patients developed one or more of the following complications: cataract 8.5%, macular edema 6.1%, macular complications (epiretinal membranes, choroidal neovascular membranes, macular necrosis) 4.1%, retinal complications (retinal detachment, retinal neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal tears, retinal vascular occlusions) 4.1%, glaucoma or ocular hypertension 3.6%, and others 1.5%. Risk factors for development of uveitis complications were chronic course OR 6.37 (3.25-12.47) P