Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes diagnosed with multilineage dysplasia alone demonstrates superior clinical outcome

Summary Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) generally confers poor prognosis; however, clinical outcome remains heterogeneous. We sought to further stratify this sub-entity of AML by performing a retrospective analysis of 179 adult AML-MRC patients diagnosed at our institution. Based on 2016 WHO diagnostic criteria, 44 (25%) had multilineage dysplasia alone (AML-MRC-M), 74 (41%) had history of MDS or MDS/MPN (AML-MRC-H), and 61 (34%) had MDS-related cytogenetics (AML-MRC-C). AML-MRC-M and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were associated with prolonged EFS (P=0.0051 and P