Immunogenicity and cross reactivity indices of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi strains isolated from cases of Strangles and commercial vaccines

Horse Strangles appears frequently in animals vaccinated with commercial bacterins in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Aiming to know the antigenic relationships of strains recovered from sick animals among them and with two vaccines profusely used in the state, bilateral cross reactivity indices (CRI) were estimated. In addition, the immunogenicity of vaccines prepared with field isolates and commercial vaccines was tested in mice. Antibody titers were measured by ELISA and expressed as seroconversions. Thirteen strains of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, nine classified biochemically as typical and other four as atypical strains, were recovered from 35 sick horses belonging to 10 herds of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The strains recovered from sick horses showed very close CRI, suggesting antigenic homogeneity among them, but not with the vaccinal strains. A vaccine produced with an atypical strain induced the highest seroconversion, 9.4, while two produced with typical strains were poorly-immunogenic. The commercial vaccines were less immunogenic than five and four vaccines produced with field strains, inducing seroconversions of 2.6 and 3.8, respectively.