Assessment of the Targeting Quality of a Stereotactic Instrument to an Aiming Point in the Brain Using a Frameless Navigation System

A method using modeling on a human head phantom to evaluate the total targeting error of a stereotactic instrument to deep targets in patient’s brain is presented. The means of targeting the instrument to intracerebral aiming points was a Medtronic StealthStation S7 frameless navigation system combined with a Philips Achieva 3 T MRI scanner and a Philips Gemini TF PET/CT scanner.