A One-Day Cross-Sectional Study of Antidepressants Prescription Patterns in Public Mental Health Services: Clinical Guidelines vs Real Clinical Practice in Russia.

BACKGROUND Antidepressants (AD) are widely used in the treatment of mood disorders and administered for mental disorders coded across other diagnostic categories. However, inaccuracy in AD prescription may lead to unresponsive cases, decreased compliance, and treatment discontinuation. Following a one-way cross-sectional study design, we aimed to analyze the AD prescription patterns in routine clinical practice in Moscow, as compared to clinical guidelines, taking the capital as representative of the Russian national experience. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We studied 537 medical case records of inpatients and outpatients who had received treatments on an arbitrarily chosen day, focusing on classes, doses, drug combinations, and switching patterns for AD prescription. All statistical calculations (descriptive statistics, between group comparisons using Fisher exact, binominal and Pearson chi-square tests, significant at two-tailed p<0.05) were performed with the IBM SPSS 27. RESULTS 15% of inpatients and 52% of outpatients with mental disorders received ADs. ADs were prescribed for major depressive disorder and other diagnoses, including the majority of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and non-organic conditions. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, particularly fluvoxamine, were used most often for outpatient and inpatient settings, but at lower average dose rather than recommended, while tricyclic ADs were more likely to be correctly administered for severe depression. ADs were often prescribed within combined treatment rather than monotherapy, but clinical recommendations were not strictly followed in relation to the drug choice, combination with antipsychotic agents and switching strategies. CONCLUSIONS The clinical reality of AD prescriptions in the studied psychiatric setting differed from the clinical guidelines, insofar as the choice of AD medication did not always follow evidence-based recommendations. Choice and dosage of ADs should properly follow duration and severity of the illness, and the clinical profile of disorders.