Electro‑acupuncture ameliorates cognitive impairment via improvement of brain‑derived neurotropic factor‑mediated hippocampal synaptic plasticity in cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injured rats

A previous study by our group found that electro-acupuncture (EA) at the Shenting (DU24) and Baihui (DU20) acupoints ameliorates cognitive impairment in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the precise mechanism of action has remained largely unknown. The present study investigated whether brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) mediates hippocampal synaptic plasticity as the underlying mechanism. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: The sham operation control (Sham) group, the focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group, and the I/R with EA treatment (I/R+EA) group. The I/R+EA group received EA treatment at the Shenting (DU24) and Baihui (DU20) acupoints after the operation. EA treatment was found to ameliorate neurological deficits (P<0.05) and reduce the cerebral infarct volume (P<0.01). In addition, EA improved cognitive function in cerebral I/R-injured rats (P<0.05). Furthermore, EA treatment promoted synaptic plasticity. Simultaneously, EA increased the hippocampal expression of BDNF, its high-affinity tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and post-synaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) in the rats with cerebral I/R injury. Collectively, the findings suggested that BDNF-mediated hippocampal synaptic plasticity may be one mechanism via which EA treatment at the Shenting (DU24) and Baihui (DU20) acupoints improves cognitive function in cerebral I/R injured rats.