[Effectiveness and long-term stability of maxillary protraction].

Maxillary protaction is most commonly used for the treatment of growing skeletal class Ⅲ patients with a maxillary deficiency. The present article reviewed the advances in the use of maxillary protraction, including the case selection, the timing of the treatment, the effectiveness of rapid maxillary expansion, the pattern of the maxillary protraction and the long-term stability. Key words: Orthodontics; Orthodontic extrusion; Treatment outcome