Method for preparing trichlorosilane by virtue of silicon tetrachloride liquid-phase cold hydrogenation in ionic liquid medium

The invention provides a process method for preparing trichlorosilane by virtue of silicon tetrachloride liquid-phase cold hydrogenation in an ionic liquid medium based on the unique physicochemical properties of an ionic liquid such as non-volatility and strong dissolving capacity. The implementation result proves that the process method provided by the invention has excellent beneficial effects. Compared with the existing gas solid phase cold hydrogenation catalytic hydrogenation process, the method can be used for not only remarkably reducing the temperature and pressure of the catalytic hydrogenation reaction, but also improving the conversion rate of silicon tetrachloride and the selectivity of trichlorosilane. In the embodiment of the invention, the conversion rate of the obtained silicon tetrachloride is 20-40%, and the selectivity of trichlorosilane can reach 90-96%.