An overview on periodontal changes and dental movements.

INTRODUCTION: Inadequacy of residual bone height due to sinus pneumatization and alveolar bone remodeling could jeopardize the option for implant supported rehabilitation in posterior atrophied maxillae. AIM: The aim of this prospective, multi-centric clinical study is to investigate and assess the survival rate of short implants in single posterior maxillae atrophied sites with adjacent natural teeth, when augmented with leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) alone using a minimally invasive trans-crestal approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-four short implants were installed in 53 patients with residual bone height (RBH) <4mm using piezoelectric ultrasonic guided sinus elevation by transcrestal approach. Six perforations of the sinus membrane occurred (11.3% perforation rate), out of which five were managed by using just L-PRF as grafting material. Postoperatively, the implants were clinically evaluated for survival rate. The cumulative implant survival rate was 93.3% at the end of first year of follow-up. Considering 2 dropouts by the end of 2nd year follow-up, and no further implant loss, the cumulative survival rate remained 93.3% up to 5 years follow-up period. DISCUSSION: The use of L-PRF plug as grafting and careful preparation of osteotomy site with piezoelectric ultrasonic device could allow for simultaneous crestal sinus floor elevation and short implant installation in posterior atrophied maxillae with RBH <4mm, extending the indications for implant rehabilitation.