Efectos de solarización y enmiendas orgánicas contra el nematodo del nudo "Meloidogyne incognita" bajo condiciones de vivero

The root knot nemathode, Meloidogyne spp. is very spread in the agricultural soils of the valleys of Piura, and the use of chemical nematicides is the main measure of control.The effects of solarization was evaluated, three organic emendations and their combinations against nematodes populations as an alternative to prepare free substrates in the production of nursery vegetables. A design of plots divided with 4 repetitions arranged in blocks. In the composition of the substrate it was applied a mixture of sand, agricultural soils infested with the nemathode and organic emendations (1: 1: 1 v/v). The solarization of the soil was done with a polyethylene 30�E thick during the spring season for 46 days. The nematode population was estimated before-and-after solarization. The temperature of the soil was measured at a depth of 10 cm and 20 cm at 06:00, 08:00, 10:00, 12:00, 14:00, 16:00 and 18:00 hours. The maximum temperatures over the solarized substrates were over (P< 0.05) in 5.5..C to the witness. No significant differences over temperature were observed between the type of amendment in combination with solarization. On the nonsolarized substrates, however, differences of temperatures among the emendations were observed. The nematode populations in the solarized and non-solarized substrates diminished with respect to the previous readings.