Evaluation of Position-related Information in Multipath Components for Indoor Positioning

Location awareness is a key factor for a wealth of wireless indoor applications. Its provision requires the careful fusion of diverse information sources. For agents that use radio signals for localization, this information may either come from signal transmissions with respect to fixed anchors, from cooperative transmissions in between agents, or from radar-like monostatic transmissions. Using a-priori knowledge of a floor plan of the environment, specular multipath components can be exploited, based on a geometric-stochastic channel model. In this paper, a unified framework is presented for the quantification of this type of position-related information, using the concept of equivalent Fisher information. We derive analytical results for the Cram\'er-Rao lower bound of multipath-assisted positioning, considering bistatic transmissions between agents and fixed anchors, monostatic transmissions from agents, cooperative measurements in-between agents, and combinations thereof, including the effect of clock offsets and missing synchronization. Awareness of this information enables highly accurate and robust indoor positioning. Computational results show the applicability of the framework for the characterization of the localization capabilities of some environment, quantifying the influence of different system setups, signal parameters, and the impact of path overlap.