Antimutagenicity of black glutinous rice and Hom Nil rice

Black glutinous rice (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa) and Hom Nil rice (Oryza sativa) are colored rice varieties with antioxidant properties, popular among health conscious consumers. We studied the antimutagenicity of raw, cooked and fermented samples against two direct mutagens - nitrite-treated 1-aminopyrene and nitrite treated chicken essence - in an Ames assay using Salmonella typhi- murium strains TA 98 and TA 100. The extract of each sample with acid alcohol reduced the mutagenicity of both mutagens. In addition, the antimutagenicity of the extracts from the samples made of black glutinous rice was higher than that of the extracts from samples made of Hom Nil rice. The protective effects of these rice varieties might be due to the presence of some phytochemicals, including anthocyanins, which are the main antioxidant. The selected rice va- rieties might be appropriate for p