WiMAX Enables Cyber Extension to Rural Communities

CONTENTS 6.1 Introduction 104 6.2 Need for a Standard-Based Broadband Wireless Access 1046.2.1 Increasing Demand for Broadband Access 105 6.2.2 Lack of Available Options in Underdeveloped Areas 105 6.2.3 Problems with Proprietary BWA Solutions 105 6.2.4 Improving Anytime Anywhere Access to Data 105 6.2.5 Constraints with Wired Broadband 106 6.2.6 Improving Business Models 1066.3 Network Architecture of WiMAX 106 6.3.1 Working Principle 106 6.3.2 WiMAX Deployment Model 106 6.3.3 Cell Structure 107 6.3.4 WiMAX Base Station (BS) 108 6.3.5 Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) 108 6.3.6 Mesh Topology 1086.4 Advantages of WiMAX 108 6.4.1 Economic Advantages 108 6.4.2 Technical Advantages 1106.5 Applications of WiMAX as a Last-Mile Solution 111 6.6 WiMAX Design Challenges 1126.6.1 TDD, FDD, or H-FDD 112 6.6.2 Error Vector Magnitude 113 6.6.3 RF Architecture 114 6.6.4 Chip Design Options 114 6.6.5 Regulatory Issues 114 6.6.6 Cost 114 6.6.7 Spectrum Availability 115 6.6.8 Spectrum Interference 1156.7 WiMAX as a Solution to 4G: Introduction 115 6.8 Evolution of 4G 11611: 24 Page6.9 Viability of WiMAX as an Alternative to 3G and Migration Toward 4G 1176.10 Characteristics of 4G/WiMAX Network 118 6.11 Impact of Similar Technologies on WiMAX 120 6.12 VoIP Services of Wi-Fi/WiMAX 1216.12.1 Vo Wi-Fi 121 6.12.2 Mobile WiMAX 121 6.12.3 Hybrid Cell Phones 1216.13 Various Deployments Scenarios of WiMAX 122 6.13.1 WiMAX Micro-Cells Formed with Wi-Fi (MigrationPath toward 4G) 122 6.13.2 Deployment of Mobile WiMAX (Complete 4G) 1236.14 WiMAX Enables Rural Telecommunication Infrastructure: Introduction 1246.15 The Suggested Remote ICT System with WiMAX 125 6.15.1 Description about the New System 1256.16 Advantages of the Remote ICT System with WiMAX 127 6.17 Significant Need for Remote ICT System with WiMAX 128 6.18 General Suggestions 129 6.19 Conclusion 130 References 130Access to Internet is of prime importance as it has turned into a fully converged network delivering voice, audio, image, and video in addition to data. WiMAX extends the reach of IP broadband metropolitan fiber networks well beyond the relatively small local area network (LAN) coverage of Wi-Fi in offices, homes, or public access hot spots to rural areas. WiMAX is expected to provide flexible, cost-effective, standards-based means of filling existing gaps in broadband coverage, and creating new forms of broadband services not envisioned in a “wired’’ world. WiMAX is widely viewed as a “great wireless hope’’ for outdoor wireless services, and the disruptive potential of WiMAX looks set to revolutionize the entire broadband wireless access (BWA) industry. In this part, we analyze the need for a BWA technology and provide you with the advantages of WiMAX as a last-mile solution.