Этиологические и патогенетические механизмы формирования дисфункции височно-нижнечелюстного сустава (обзорная статья)

Dysfunction syndrome of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most common medical conditions encountered in dental practice. According to several authors, the prevalence of functional disorders of the TMJ non-inflammatory nature makes up 80 % of the joint pathology. The analysis of the current literature on the etiology and pathogenetic mechanisms of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. Currently, there are several theories to explain the mechanism of the pain of TMJ, including: vascular theory, the theory of the generation of pathologically enhanced excitation; Gate theory. It is noted that all views on the matter are reduced to one: spasm in the masticatory muscles leads to pain and dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. In this regard, there is the prospect for further study of the issue, the basis of which can be reduced to a refinement of the central mechanisms in the formation of TMJ.