The influence of synthesis conditions on enzymatic activity of enzyme-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers

Abstract In this work, we synthesized hierarchical flower-like structures by using lipase and papain as organic components and Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·3H 2 O as the inorganic component. These hybrid-nanoflower structures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. By changing the synthesis conditions, including enzyme concentration, pH, and temperature for the nanoflowers, we can control the morphology and enzymatic activity of nanoflower. Enzyme concentration and synthesis temperature affect nanoflower size and petal density, whereas pH influences petal density only. Furthermore, we found the optimal conditions to improve the enzymatic activity of lipase-Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·3H 2 O and papain-Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·3H 2 O nanoflowers. The appropriate enzyme content, flower size, and flower density were the critical factors for high enzymatic activity.