Carbenes in Polymer Synthesis

The sections in this article are Introduction to Carbenes Carbenes as Structural Components of Macromolecules Carbenes as Monomers for Polymerizations (Type 1) NHCs as Monomers for Polymerizations (Type 1) Carbenes as Polymer Side Groups (Type 2) Carbene-Based Polymerization Catalysts NHCs as Ring-Opening Polymerization Catalysts (Type 3) NHCs as Group-Transfer Catalysts (Type 3) NHCs as Condensation Polymerization Catalysts (Type 3) Carbenes as Ligands for Metal-Based Polymerization Catalysts (Type 3) Carbenes in Olefin Metathesis Catalysts (Type 3) Carbenes in Addition Polymerization Catalysts (Type 3) Carbenes in Condensation Polymerization Catalysts (Type 3) Carbenes in Free Radical and Ring-Opening Polymerization Catalysts (Type 3) Polymerization Catalysts Derived from NHCs (Type 3) Conclusions Keywords: carbene; polymer; metathesis; organometallic; catalysis; imidazolium