Aricili k İş letmelerinde Mevcut Yapi ve Temel Sorunlar; Bingöl İ li Örneğ i

OZET : Aricili k kendine has ozellikleri ile ki rsal nufus icin iyi bir alternatif is ve gelir kaynagidi r. Turkiye ekolojik olarak aricilig a cok uygun bir dog aya sahip olmasi na ragmen maalesef potansiyelinin cok azini kullanmaktadi r. Ayri ca aricili k yapan is letmelerde verim de oldukca dusuktur. Bu amacla, bu cal is mada aricili k i sletmeleri sosyo-ekonomik yonden incelenmis ve verimi etkileyen faktorler regresyon analizi ile belirlenmeye calisi lmisti r. Bunun icin iyi bir aricili k potansiyeli olan ancak bu alanda hak ettig i yerin cok gerisinde kalan Bingol ili arasti rma bolgesi olarak secilmistir. Incelenecek isletme sayisi oransal ornekleme yontemiyle 63 olarak belirlenmis tir. Arasti rma bulgulari na gore, ilde aricili k faaliyetini daha cok orta yas uzeri insanlar yapmaktadi r. Bal uretimini etkileyen en onemli sorunlar olarak "olumsuz iklim s artlari " ve "kis lama kayi plari " gosterilmistir. Kovan sayisi fazla, kooperatife uye ve gezgin isletmelerde ise bal verimi daha yuksek bulunmustur. Bu itibarla, kovan sayisi fazla ticari isletmelerin sayisini n artiri lmasi , gezgin ariciligi n te svik edilmesi ve kooperatifler yoluyla egitim ve yay im cal is malarini n yayg inlastiri lmasina yonelik politikalar bolgede bal uretim ve verim miktarini arti racakti r. Boylece ki rsal kesimin gelir seviyesi yukselecek ve ki rsal kalki nmaya katki da bulunacakti r. Anahtar kelimeler: Aricili k, Bal, Bingol The Existing Structure And Fundamental Problems in Beekeeping Enterprices ; A Case Bingol Province ABSTRACT : Beekeeping is a good alternative activity and income source for rural population with its idiosyncratic features. Although Turkey ecologically has a very favorable nature for beekeeping, unfortunately only a fraction of its potential is used. Moreover, productivity in beekeeping enterprises is very low too. For this end, these enterprises were examined in terms of socio- economic structure and the factors affecting the productivity were determined via regression analysis. Bingol province which has a good beekeeping potential but far from the place it deserves was selected as a research area. The number of the examined enterprises was determined through proportional sampling method. According to the study results, the beekeeping activity was mostly performed by over middle-age farmers. The most significant issues affecting honey production were indicated as "bad climate conditions" and "wintering loss". It was found that the honey productivity was higher in enterprises with more hives, which were members of cooperatives and practicing migratory beekeeping. Therefore, the policies towards increasing the number of commercial enterprises with more hives, inducing migratory beekeeping and expanding education and extension services through cooperatives will escalate the honey production and productivity in the region. As a result, income level of rural population will go up and this will contribute to rural development.