Lithium : ion batteries for space

Lithium-ion batteries are expected to have less than one half of the mass of nickel hydrogen batteries for the same stored energy as well as being much more compact, making them particularly attractive for space applications in addition to terrestrial ones. An introduction for the non-specialist is given to this rather new technology, emphasising the features that impact most on the design and performance of batteries for space applications. Possible problem areas are identified and an overview is given of the ongoing European efforts in which ESA is involved and the progress which has been made to date.