Posterior drug delivery via periocular route: challenges and opportunities

Drug delivery to the posterior segment via the periocular route is a promising route for delivery of a range of formulations. In this review, we have highlighted the challenges and opportunities of posterior segment drug delivery via the periocular route. Consequently, we have discussed different types of periocular routes, physiological barriers that limit effective drug delivery, practical challenges regarding patient compliance and acceptability and recent advances in developing innovative strategies to enhance periocular drug delivery. We conclude with a perspective on how we envisage the importance of understanding complex barrier functions so as to continue to develop innovative drug-delivery systems.