Metamaterials for Antimicrobial Biofilm Applications: Photonic Crystals of Microspheres and Optical Fibers for Decontamination of Liquids and Gases

New decontamination methods are proposed. We examine the use of photonic crystals consisting of microspheres and/or optical fibers with various topological symmetries. The application of evanescent zone around metamaterials opens a new perspective to the decontamination procedure. Different methods of packing of microspheres and fibers to obtain an efficient contact zone of radiation (as UV radiation or laser pulses) with contaminated materials are considered. This can be boosted by the trapping manipulation of viruses and bacteria around fibers and microspheres. The special trapping zones may be designed under low frequency radiation after which one can apply the active UV coherent radiation through metamaterials. Then, the effective destroying of viruses and bacteria becomes possible. The progress of nonlinear models of the vibration modes excitation of viruses and bacteria biomolecules are reviewed.