Contrasts Between Adaptive and Deterministic Models

In addition to the deterministic approach, there are other methods of geological and hydrodynamic modeling of petroleum reservoirs, which are no worse: “Some researchers are still convinced that the description of oil production processes can only be carried out on the basis of differential equations of the movement of liquids and gases in porous media and pipes. However, this approach does not reveal many essential properties of the reservoir. Like all large and complex systems, petroleum production facilities require the use of a whole hierarchy of models—from differential to integral, from deterministic to adaptive—that can describe not only different levels of system’s organization, but also the interaction among those levels” [1].