Dentine structure and mineralization in hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta: a quantitative X‐ray histochemical study

Objective:  This study was undertaken in order to establish the structural and mineralization pattern of the response of dentine to alterations in enamel in hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). Design:  The images and data obtained with scanning electron microscopy and electron probe X-ray microanalysis in enamel and dentine specimens from control and affected teeth were compared in this study. Patients and methods:  We compared 46 fragments of permanent teeth from patients with clinically diagnosed hypocalcified AI and 20 normal permanent teeth. All specimens were prepared for electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Results:  Dentine is characterized by thickening of the peritubular dentine and partial obliteration of the dentinal tubules that does not give rise to a compact sclerotic cast. In dentine, calcium levels were significantly higher in teeth with clinically hypocalcified AI in relation with control teeth (P < 0.001). Conclusions:  Dentine is affected in hypocalcified AI increasing mineralization (narrower tubules and higher content of calcium) in response to enamel disorder.