Design and Performance Analysis of Four-Port Discontinuous Patch Antenna

A compact discontinuous microstrip slot patch antenna, which is operating at a frequency of 2.4 GHz, has been proposed for Bluetooth applications. It has one port, which is excited with the help of microstrip feed line mechanism. The proposed antenna is a 3-layer structure consisting of ground, substrate, and discontinuous patch. A patch antenna can be defined as narrowband, wide-beam antenna that is fabricated by etching the antenna element pattern into the metal trace, which is then bonded to a dielectric substrate, which is insulating in nature. Printed circuit board can be an insulating dielectric substrate, along with a continuous metal layer, which is bonded to the opposite side of substrate layer and which acts as a ground plane for the patch antenna. Common microstrip antennas consist of shapes such as square, rectangle, circle, but the shape is usually circular. But in the case of the discontinuous patch, it consists of a circular ring inscribed in a square ring. Both circular ring and square ring are connected through rectangular strips. A thorough study of various parameters has been carried out with performance optimization to reduce the size of area of an antenna. This antenna can achieve return loss of −23.01 dB and VSWR ≤1.5 at frequency of 2.4 GHz. Antenna proposed in this paper can be used in various modern communication applications.