Decarbonizing the cement and concrete sector: Integration of the full value chain to reach net zero emissions in Europe

The construction sector represents a major share of greenhouse gas emissions related to industrial activities. The sector is mainly driven by one main material; cement. Most of the building stock in use in Europe today will last until 2050, meaning most building stock that will standing in 2050 has already been built. The same applies for the needed production capacity infrastructure in Europe. When opting for decarbonising the sector, this will have to consider looking at decarbonisation technologies and pathways. The objective of this study is to propose scenarios that can significantly reduce emissions by reducing the necessary investment. In order to achieve a significant reduction, the deployment of a major investment in carbon capture and storage is often the only way envisaged. We show that it is possible to achieve the objective of "2 degrees" of the Paris Agreement by involving all stakeholders and enhancing the digitalization and circular approach. We are also discussing the incentives that must be taken at European or national level in order to achieve the decarbonisation of the sector.