Impact of hydrodynamics (ex- and infiltration) on the microbially controlled phosphorus mobility in running water sediments of a cultivated northeast German wetland

Abstract To gain insight into the impact of hydrodynamics (ex- and infiltration) on microbial activities, the microbial community structure, and the dynamics of phosphate and other chemical parameters in running water sediments of two transects in a German wetland have been studied. Flow directions and Darcy flow rates at canal bottom were determined using temperature profiles in the groundwater zone near and beneath the canal. Besides the chemical composition of pore water and sediment, a suite of enzyme activities and phosphorus fractions have been analyzed in the sediment. Hydrological analysis proved that at one transect infiltrating and stagnant conditions alter frequently, whereas at the other transect exfiltration dominates. We found significant differences between the transects in microbial activities and organic and iron-bound phosphorus as well as significant correlations between Darcy flux, microbial activities and phosphorus fractions. We conclude that not only the direction and rates of the flow, but also the quantity of changes between ex- and infiltration have an impact on microbial activity, and thus on phosphorus dynamics in the sediment of wetlands.