Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and arterial stiffness evaluation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases

Abstract Background and aims The association between inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains equivocal. Arterial stiffness, as assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV), and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) are surrogates of CVD risk. Aim The aim of this study was to assess carotid–femoral PWV and Lp-PLA2 in patients with IBD without history of CVD. Methods Established CVD risk factors, IBD characteristics, PWV and Lp-PLA2 activity were assessed in 44 patients with IBD, 29 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 15 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 44 matched controls. Results IBD patients had lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. There was no difference in PWV between patients and controls (6.8 vs 6.4 m/s), but patients with CD had higher PWV compared to those with UC (7 vs 6.3 m/s; p = 0.044), and to controls. Smoking rates were significantly higher among CD patients. Factors associated with PWV were age, mean arterial pressure and smoking. Lp-PLA2 activity was significantly lower in patients with IBD (46.8 vs 53.9 nmol/mL/min; p = 0.011). There was no difference in Lp-PLA2 between CD and UC patients. LDL-C was the only significant predictor of Lp-PLA2. Conclusions Our study showed lower Lp-PLA2 activity in patients with IBD compared with controls, reflecting lower LDL-C in the former. There was no difference in PWV between the two groups. Arterial stiffness was higher in patients with CD, which is likely related to higher smoking rates. These findings challenge a possible association between IBD and CVD, but further studies are required.