LoongISA for compatibility with mainstream instruction set architecture

This paper introduces the Loongson instruction set architecture (LoongISA), which extends the MIPS instruction set architecture for compatibility with X86 and ARM mainstream instruction set architectures. New instructions, runtime environments, and system states are added to MIPS through MIPS UDI (User Defined Interface) to accelerate the binary translation of X86 and ARM binary codes to LoongISA binary code. In addition, binary translation systems have been built based on LoongISA to run MS-Windows and its applications, X86 Linux applications, and ARM Android applications. LoongISA is implemented in the Loongson-3A1500 four-core CPU product of Loongson Technology Corporation Limited. Performance evaluations using the Loongson-3A1500 FPGA verification platform show that with hardware support, the binary translation system of Loongson 3A1500 can achieve very high efficiency.