Polarity-based separation and chemical characterization of fast pyrolysis bio-oil from poultry litter

Abstract 140 g Poultry litter pyrolysis oils (PL oils) were separated into four fractions using polarity based fractionation method. Four solvents of increasing polarity (hexane  13 C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometry, and their organic elemental composition and higher heating values were also determined. Furthermore, major compounds in the four fractions were isolated by column chromatography. As a result, four compound classes (fatty acids, sterols, phenols and carbohydrates) and eleven major compounds were isolated from these four fractions. Oleic acid was predominant component of the hexane fraction (48.6%). The major component in methanol fraction was 1, 6-anhydro-β-D-glucose (16.7%), but the chloroform fraction had no predominant component. The 1, 6-anhydro-β-D-glucose and other sugar derivatives were water soluble and were selectively removed from the PL oil by water extraction and this subsequently decreased the viscosity of residual PL oil.