ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ КОРОТКИХ БЕДРЕННЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ В ЭНДОПРОТЕЗИРОВАНИИ ТАЗОБЕДРЕННОГО СУСТАВА

Total hip arthroplasty is the most demanded operation in orthopedics during many years. Despite good long-term results, the implantation and surgical technique improve continuously, blood loss and the surgery time reduce, and surgical approach is minimized. Objective – to analyze the evolution of the design of the femoral components, to study the results, advantages and disadvantages of short stems in comparison with the standard ones. Materials and methods. According to the literature, all available studies on the use of short femoral components have been analyzed. Results. Some researchers consider that retaining the greater part of the femoral neck will improve the osteointegration process, others reveal a high percentage of migration of these components and poor long-term results. Conclusion. There are several types of short stems, which are categorized on the basis of the level of resection of the femoral neck. Different types of short stems have very different long-term results. Survival and the level of complications of short stems are comparable with standards. Short stems are used in younger patients. When installing short femoral stems, the front minimally invasive approach is often used.