Self-phase modulation on a graphene used waveguide

In this paper, we study the self-phase modulation on a sub-micro graphene waveguide to show the nonlinear optical properties of graphene. Self-modulation is one of the most popular nonlinear effects that has been observed due to selfinfluence of a mode propagation in third-order materials. This effects is capable to demonstrate the nonlinearity based the structure. Our study is aimed to show the appearance of SPM in considered waveguide as a common effect of nonlinear refraction to proof the capability of graphen on apply the based waveguide in nonlinear regime to access the desired parameters such as dimension and insertion power. An interest aspect is placed in this simulation may be conversion step-index to grade-index due to change from linear to the nonlinear that causes high confinement of light in waveguide.