Outdoor Operating Temperature Modeling of Photovoltaic Modules Including Transient Effect

The conventional temperature model of PV modules is developed for the steady state condition. In order to improve the accuracy, transient effect due to the heat capacity of the PV module should be included, thus a new model is developed based on the heat transfer equation including the transient effect. Test sites are set up, and the new model has been benchmarked with these field data. The RMSE(Root-Mean-Square-Error) of the new transient model is reduced to almost half of those of the conventional steady-state model.