Correlation Between Buccal Mucosal Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure and the Severity of Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats

Through the research on the correlation between buccal mucosal carbon dioxide partial pressure and the severity of hemorrhagic shock in a rat model, we demonstrated that PbuCO 2 is available and reliable for evaluating blood loss for its early management of hemorrhagic shock. Twenty-five Wistar rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital were randomly divided into five groups, in addition to the sham operation group, and the other four groups were bled over 30 min in amounts estimated to be 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40% of total blood volume. Buccal mucosal PCO 2 was measured by a continuous and non-invasive PbuCO 2 meter, and arterial blood pressure (ABP), cardiac output (CO), ECG and respiratory (RES) were monitored in real-time and continuously, and arterial blood test. After 30 min, some animals with an estimated 40% blood loss died. In the remaining animals, ABP, CO, ECG, RES, blood gas and electrolytes among animals with 35%, 30%, and 25% blood loss were not significantly different. Compared with all the above physiological parameters, only within 15 min, PbuCO 2 manifested notable significance ( P 2 not only is able to detect changes in tissue perfusion after blood loss, but also provides more consistency, accuracy and sensitivity than ABP, CO, blood gases and electrolytes to discriminate between different blood loss. The results showed that continuous non-invasive mesurement of PbuCO 2 can effectively evaluate hemorrhagic shock so useful as to guide for the immediate management of hemorrhagic shock.