Supercritical fluid extraction and solubilization of Carica papaya linn. leaves in ternary system with CO2 + ethanol solvents

Abstract The supercritical fluid extraction of Carica papaya linn. leaves in the presence of CO2 solvent and ethanol modifier was carried out with respect to four operating parameters, namely temperature (40–60 °C), pressure (18–30 MPa), solvent flow rate (3–6 mL/min) and co-solvent ratio (3 – 5 vol%), for the maximization of global extract yield of Carica papaya linn. leaves. The optimized parameters obtained are as follows: temperature of 57.47 °C, pressure of 26.62 MPa, solvent flow rate of 5.43 mL/min and co-solvent ratio of 4.98% with a predicted global extract yield of 0.0806 g. Five density-based solubility models, namely Chrastil, Bian et al., Bartle et al., Sparks et al. and Mendez-Santiago and Teja models were correlated against experimental solubility data. The Mendez-Santiago and Teja model were found to be more accurate with AARD of 1.36% and R2 value of 0.873 due to the non-linearity extraction profiles of papaya leaves.