The Effects of Telephone-Based Telenursing on Glycated Hemoglobin Among Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Telenursing is the delivery of nursing care through information technology, such as telephone, computer, and Internet. This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of telephone-based telenursing on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in older adult with type 2 diabetes in Iran. A 3-month telephone-based telenursing program using the Health Ministry Diabetes Mellitus Educational Material demonstrated that telephone-based telenursing is an effective strategy for diabetes type 2 management in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it can be used to improve treatment outcomes among older people, particularly those with low literacy skills and low financial status.