Hydrostatic methods of measurement of firmness and turgor pressure of grape berries (Vitis vinifera L.)

Abstract Apparatus and techniques for the measurement of the firmness index and the turgor pressure of grape berries are described. The firmness index, as described in this article, is the sum of a turgor-related and a structure-related component. The measurement techniques are based on hydrostatic principles. Some applications of these techniques are illustrated.