Transient scattering of a short pulse from a conducting sinusoidal surface

A study on the transient scattering of a short EM pulse from a conducting sinusoidal surface which simulates a sea surface has been conducted. Theoretical analyses were performed for an infinite sinusoidal surface as well as a finite sinusoidal surface for both TE and TM polarized illuminations. A series of experiments was also conducted on a finite sinusoidal surface model to verify the theory. There are some interesting observations due to cut-off and band-pass phenomena of the Floquet modes excited in the periodic surface. It is shown theoretically and experimentally that the backscattered response of a short EM pulse from a conducting sinusoidal surface is a series of periodic peaks representing the reflections of the pulse from the crests of the surface.