PARQUES NACIONAIS, CONSERVAÇÃO DA NATUREZA E INSERÇÃO SOCIAL: UMA REALIDADE POSSÍVEL EM QUATRO EXEMPLOS DE COGESTÃO 1 NATIONAL PARKS, NATURE CONSERVATION AND SOCIAL INCLUSION: A POSSIBLE REALITY IN FOUR EXAMPLES OF CO-MANAGEMENT PARQUES NACIONALES, CONSERVACIÓN DE LA NATURALEZA E INSERCIÓN SOCIAL: UNA REALIDAD POSIBLE EN CUATRO EJEMPLOS DE COGESTIÓN

This article discusses the conflicting relationship between the goals of nature conservation and those of social inclusion in the national parks of Brazil. Through bibliographic and documentary research, we looked for examples of successful experiences in countries like Bolivia, Australia, France and New Zealand, where flexible forms of co-management have successfully reconciled the various interests involved, in a participatory and fair way for the local communities, under the aegis of a conservation culture. Analysis of these cases helps to strengthen an argument in favor of discussion of the conceptual model of national parks adopted in Brazil, and their ability to regulate the relationships between the natural environment and society.