The Extract from Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Leaves Promotes Apoptosis and Impairs Metastasis in Prostate Cancer Cells

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of pomegranate leaves extract(PLE)on proliferation,apoptosis and metastasis of prostate cancer cells. METHODS:The proliferation of TRAMP-C1,DU145,PC3 prostate cancer cells treated with different concentrations of PLE (final mass concentrations were 12.5,25,50,100, 200 μg/mL,respectively) for different time (24,48,72 h) was detected by MTT assay. Colony formation assay was performed to verify the long-term effects of PLE on the proliferation of DU145 and PC3 cells.After being treated with PLE for 48 h,Hoechst-33258 staining was used to observe the changes in the nucleus,the cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry,and wound-healing migration assay was perform to test the change of migration. RESULTS:In comparison with the control group,PLE in the range of 12.5-200 μg/mL had a certain inhibitory effect on the proliferation of TRAMP-C1,DU145 and PC3 cells ( P<0.05).In the range of 6.25-100 μg/mL,the number of colony formation of DU145 and PC3 was significantly reduced( P<0.01).After PLE treated for 48 h, the apoptotic features of nuclear fragmentation and the formation apoptotic body was observed in PC3. With the increase of concentration,the apoptotic rate increased gradually ( P<0.05),and the ability of cells to migrate to the scratch area was significantly weaker than the control group ( P<0.01). CONCLUSION:PLE has effect on proliferation,apoptosis and metastasis of prostate cancer cells.